Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody DiseaseOften referred to as MOGAD, Anti-MOG, MOG Ab+, MOG Antibody Disease, MOG Associated Antibody Disease, MOG positive disease   (MOG Antibody DiseaseOften referred to as MOGAD, Anti-MOG, MOG Ab+, MOG Antibody Disease, MOG Associated Antibody Disease, MOG positive disease   or MOGADOften referred to as MOGAD, Anti-MOG, MOG Ab+, MOG Antibody Disease, MOG Associated Antibody Disease, MOG positive disease  ) is a neuroimmuneA term that refers to the components of the immune system that acts in and affects the central nervous system. disorder that causes inflammationA process of the immune system that involves chemicals released by immune cells (i.e. white blood cells) inducing localized heat, swelling, redness, and pain to an area that occurs when tissue becomes damaged or infected from a pathogen, and usually results in the desctruction and removal of the pathogen and/or healing to the tissue. In the case of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD), inflammation is the result of the incorrect targeting of the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) by the immune system, resulting in damage to myelin sheaths. primarily in the optic nerveThe cranial nerves that relay messages from your eyes to your brain to create visual images. These nerves extend from the retina in the back of the eyes to the part of the brain that processes what we see. In myelin oligodendrocyte glycoproten antibody disease (MOGAD), they may be the target of inflammation or lesions, sometimes causing visual disruption or blindness. but can also affect the spinal cord and brain. MOGA type of protein involved in cell adhesion. Present throughout myelin sheaths. is a protein located onInflammation of the optic nerve that may be classified as unilateral (affecting one eye) or bilateral (affecting both eyes) that may result in vision changes, vision loss, and/or pain with eye movement. the surface of myelinAn insulating layer, or sheath that forms around nerves, including those in the brain and spinal cord. It is made up of protein and fatty substances. This myelin sheath allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells. If myelin is damaged, these impulses slow down. sheaths in the central nervous systemNerve tissue that resides in and composes the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve. MOGADOften referred to as MOGAD, Anti-MOG, MOG Ab+, MOG Antibody Disease, MOG Associated Antibody Disease, MOG positive disease   is diagnosed through a test that looks for the level of MOGA type of protein involved in cell adhesion. Present throughout myelin sheaths. antibodiesA protective protein produced by your immune system that attaches to antigens (foreign substances), such as bacteria and toxins, and removes them from your body. In myelin oligodendrocyte glycoproten antibody disease (MOGAD), the body incorrectly produces an antibody that targets myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, a component of the myelin sheath in the central nervous system. in the blood. The test should be given to any patient who has an inflammatory attack of the central nervous systemNerve tissue that resides in and composes the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve. Because of the rare nature of the disorder, it is often misdiagnosed or not diagnosed at all.